MAIASP. 2019. No. 11

A.G. Emanov (Tyumen, Russia)

IDENTITY’S SIGNS OF SAILORS:

ON THE MATERIALS OF THE PORT CITIES IN THE GENOESE GAZARIA IN THE 14^th — 15^th CENTURIES

DOI: 10.24411/2713-2021-2019-00014

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Pages: 527—553

We have Identified Elements of Political, Port, Naval, Ship and Individual Identification, Examined Flags, Pennants and Guys of Ships, Emblems of Captains, Seals of Navigators — Entrepreneurs, Personal Signs of “People of the Sea” based on a Wide Range of Sources, Public-Legal Documents, Notarial Deeds, Narrative Texts, Sea Charts, Portolans, Heraldry, Sphragistics and Epigraphy Considered the System of Symbolic Communication in the Social Environment of the Sailors of Kafa and Genoese Gazaria of the Late Middle Ages. We also identified a group of “Marine Graffiti” on Objects of Religious Architecture in the Port Cities of Genoese Gazaria of 14^th — 15^th Centuries, identified Five Main Types of “Sea Graffiti”: 1. Nave, 2. Vela navis, 3. Rosa ventorum, 4. Stella maris, 5. Baculus Jacobi. We suggested reading Five Personal Monograms of Sailors from the Local Greco-Pontic and Crimean Milieu. The Judgment on the Meaning and Purpose of the Monumental Personal Signs of Sailors in Sacred Communication was also reasoned.

Key words: Genoese Gazaria, Crimea, Caffa, 14^th — 15^th Centuries, Sailors, Sciurma, Nave, Galley, Barge, Dromon, Panfile, Banner, Pendant, Guys, Coats of Arms, Graffiti.

Received November 12, 2019

Accepted for publication December 2, 2019

About the author:

Emanov Aleksandr Georgievich (Tyumen, Russia). Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the department of Archeology, Ancient and Middle Ages history, Tyumen State University

E-mail: a_emanov@mail.ru