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MAIASP. 2024. No. 16 O.M. Agatay (Astana, Kazakhstan),
Zh.M. Sabitov (Astana, Kazakhstan), Z.O. Ibadullayeva (Astana, Kazakhstan), N.A. Dossymbetov (Almaty, Kazakhstan) Firearms in the Noghaic-Kazakh heroic epos DOI: 10.53737/2713-2021.2024.46.95.031 Access this article (PDF File) Pages:
665—686 |
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The article considers the materials of Noghaic-Kazakh
heroic epos containing information about various names and peculiarities of
firearms use. Earlier these materials have not become the object of special
scientific research and have not been translated into foreign languages,
including Russian. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of folklore and
written sources, the attempt was made to identify the original names, as well
as some circumstances of the appearance and use of firearms by the Noghai, Tatars and Kazakhs of the New Age. Based on the
study of collected, systematised and analysed sources, the main terms and phrases used in the Noghaic-Kazakh heroic epic to denote firearms, have been
identified and attributed. In particular, it has been established that in the
New Age the nomadic warriors of Western and Eastern Desht-i
Kipchak: the Crimean steppe, as well as the Kazakh
khanates and uluses of the northeastern Caspian and
the Aral-Syrdarya regions, Zhetysu,
Saryarka and Altai used such varieties of firearms
as zenbirek (cannon), top or dop
(large-calibre cannon), myltyk (gun), tuzu myltyk
(“straight” gun), samkal
(shamkhal gun), zhez ayil (jezail
gun), kara myltyk
(“black” (ordinary?) shotgun), orama myltyk (“wrapped” shotgun), serippeli akberen (“perfect” shotgun with a
spring mechanism), shappaly myltyk
(shotgun with a trigger), kyrly myltyk (“shotgun with facets” or “faceted shotgun”), musyk kulak myltyk
(“a cat’s ear” shotgun), kuldir mamay (kul’dur mamay), kozy kosh (koz-kech), ak myltyk
(“white” shotgun). The analysis of the collected and systematised
materials has shown that within the framework of a comprehensive analysis of
sources, the Noghaic-Kazakh heroic epic can be used
to study the military and cultural heritage of the Turkic and Mongolian
peoples of |
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Key words: firearms, Turkic heroic
epic, Nogai, Kazakh, history of |
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Received
May 31, 2024 Accepted
for publication June 15, 2024 |
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About the authors: Agatay Îtkirbay
Mıltıqbayulı (Astana, Kazakhstan). PhD Candidate (Archaeology
and Ethnology), Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies; E-mail: agatayotkirbay@gmail.com Sabitov Zhaxylyk Muratovich ( E-mail: babasan@yandex.kz Ibadullayeva
Zylikha Omirbekovna (Astana, Kazakhstan). Candidate of
Historical Sciences, E-mail: ibadullaeva.72@mail.ru Dossymbetov Nurlybek Aidarbekovich ( E-mail: nur_dos88@mail.ru
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