MAIASP. 2024. No. 16

A.A. Krasnoperov (Izhevsk, Russia)

Horse harness from burial 14 of the Oshkinsky Burial Ground on Vyatka and their context

DOI: 10.53737/2713-2021.2024.97.43.017

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Pages: 402—424

The context of burial 14 of the Oshkini burial ground on the Vyatka River is considered.The monument belongs to the Azelino culture (late Sarmatian time in the Kama region). The burial itself stands out from local antiquities. A set of buckle and pendant tip belonging to the “Oposhnya” series, identified by V.Yu. Malashev and A.M. Oblomsky, which has Central European prototypes. The bridle set corresponds to the structure of the bridle of the “equestrian complexes” of the late Sarmatian period, described by S.I. Bezuglov. The text of the article proposes a variant of the relative periodization of complexes, and the basis for dividing local variants. The closest analogue to the bit with “spectacle-shaped” cheekpieces with protrusions inside the frame from Oshki, grave 14 in Valovyj I, barrow 25 / grave 1 on the Don. Rhombic cheek plaques correspond to a very rare type: 6 finds on the Don, 1 in the Volga region and 1 in the Sura River region. The entire group of burials dates back to the 2nd half II — 1st half III centuries, or already late II — 1 third of the III centuries, they reflect the direct interaction of Sarmatian and Germanic military groups (weapons and military equipment), in events related to the Empire (Roman bronze and glassware, coins). The origin of this group, and finds of provincial-Roman origin (waist set) in the forest zone of Eastern Europe, noted by I.O. Gavritukhin and A.M. Vorontsov, is associated with the events of the Marcomannic Wars. We are not talking about migration-resettlement, but about the participation of individuals or groups from remote regions in wars on the borders or territory of the Empire, who returned with elements of military equipment at the end of the events (service period ?) to their homeland.

Key words: chronology, late Sarmatian time, bridle, Kama region, Don region, Marcomannic wars.

Received May 15, 2024

Accepted for publication May 29, 2024

About the author:

Krasnoperov Alexandr Anatolievich (Izhevsk, Russia). PhD (History), Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature, Udmurt Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of RAS

E-mail: alexander.kaa@mail.ru