MAIASP. 2024. No. 16

P.N. Petrov (Almaty, Kazakhstan), A.E. Rogozhinsky (Almaty, Kazakhstan)

The chronology of commodity-money relations in the Medieval town of Aspara (based on numismatic artifacts)

DOI: 10.53737/2713-2021.2024.24.64.039

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Pages: 785—807

The purpose of the paper is to introduce the numismatic record from Aspara city-site (Kazakhstan) into scholarly discussion. The coins were collected during archaeological research in 2021—2023. For the first time since 1964, 43 coins were discovered, including 33 attributable finds. With the aim to assess the relative level of commodity-money relations in medieval Aspara, comparative analysis of numismatic record from the medieval city of Nuzket (Shish-tube city-site in Kyrgyzstan) was carried out. The attributable coins from Aspara belong to the following states: the Türgesh Qaghanate, the Tang dynasty, the Samanids dynasty, the Eastern Qarakhanid Qaghanate, the Qara Khitai, the Northern Song dynasty, the Chaghataid Khanate, the state of Amir Timur, and the Khoqand Khanate. The Khoqand coin was lost in Aspara when the city no longer existed. The authors have established the fundamental possibility of the beginning of the activation of commodity-money relations in Aspara in the 8^th century. It was recorded that the coin circulation has been interrupted there at least three times: first in the 9^th century, then from the late 10^th to the mid-11^th century, and finally from the second decade of the 13^th to the early 14^th century. Commodity-money relations ceased in the early 15^th century (apparently, after the death of Amir Timur). There is a need for further study of this archaeological site.

Key words: Ashpara settlement, Kazakhstan, 8^th — 19^th centuries, Turgesh khaganate, Samanids, Karakhanids, Chagatai Khanate, Kokand Khanate, excavations, numismatic finds, coin, dirham.

Received August 15, 2024

Accepted for publication August 30, 2024

About the authors:

Petrov Pavel Nikolaevich (Almaty, Kazakhstan). PhD (History), Central State Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

E-mail: ppnsainkhan@rambler.ru

Rogozhinsky Alexey Evgenievich (Almaty, Kazakhstan). Candidate of Historical Sciences, A.Kh. Margulan Institute of Archaeology

E-mail: alexeyro@hotmail.com